From 1989 through 2008 we compared patterns of abundance, mating success, reproductive success, age structure, and annual return rates of color-banded male Ovenbirds on 14 study sites in an Appalachian forest where contiguous forest gradates into continuous forest broken by openings to an agricultural landscape. Small forest patches consistently showed the lowest Ovenbird density, mating and reproductive success...Birds likely have evolved behavioral adaptations that allow them to recognize suitable habitats to improve their chances of reproducing, and past studies indicate that reproductive failure may encourage dispersal.